VOL. XCIV, NO. 247

★ WIDE MOAT STOCKS & COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES ★

PRICE: 0 CENTS

Wednesday, December 31, 2025

Walmart Inc.

WMT · New York Stock Exchange

Market cap (USD)$894.3B
SectorConsumer
CountryUS
Data as of
Moat score
77/ 100

Weighted average of segment moat scores, combining moat strength, durability, confidence, market structure, pricing power, and market share.

Request update

Spot something outdated? Send a quick note and source so we can refresh this profile.

Overview

Walmart operates three reported segments: Walmart U.S., Walmart International, and Sam's Club U.S. The core moat is a scale-and-logistics flywheel: EDLP/EDLC combined with a dense store and distribution network that lowers unit costs and enables fast omnichannel fulfillment (pickup/delivery). Walmart+ and improving digital experiences can strengthen repeat purchasing, while Sam's Club benefits from upfront membership fees that help subsidize low product markups. The biggest counter-pressures are relentless price competition, rising labor and logistics costs, and in some countries strong local incumbents and regulatory constraints.

Primary segment

Walmart U.S.

Market structure

Competitive

Market share

20%-22% (reported)

HHI:

Coverage

3 segments · 8 tags

Updated 2025-12-30

Segments

Walmart U.S.

U.S. omnichannel discount retail and grocery (supercenters, neighborhood markets, eCommerce)

Revenue

68.3%

Structure

Competitive

Pricing

weak

Share

20%-22% (reported)

Peers

AMZNTGTCOSTKR+2

Walmart International

International omnichannel retail and eCommerce platforms (outside the U.S.)

Revenue

18.1%

Structure

Competitive

Pricing

weak

Share

Peers

AMZNMELIBABAJD+1

Sam's Club U.S.

U.S. warehouse clubs (membership-based bulk retail, including fuel)

Revenue

13.6%

Structure

Oligopoly

Pricing

moderate

Share

29%-33% (estimated)

Peers

COSTBJ

Moat Claims

Walmart U.S.

U.S. omnichannel discount retail and grocery (supercenters, neighborhood markets, eCommerce)

FY2025 segment totals per 10-K: Walmart U.S. total revenues $465,009M; operating income $23,882M (corporate/support excluded from operating_profit_share).

Competitive

Scale Economies Unit Cost

Supply

Strength: 5/5 · Durability: durable · Confidence: 4/5 · 2 evidence

Purchasing scale plus disciplined cost control (EDLC) fund EDLP, allowing Walmart to sustain low prices while investing in stores, eCommerce, and automation.

Erosion risks

  • E-commerce price transparency compresses margins
  • Labor and transportation cost inflation
  • Rivals matching logistics and automation investment (especially AMZN)

Leading indicators

  • Gross margin and SG&A rate trend
  • Supply chain cost per unit shipped
  • Inventory turns and in-stock rates

Counterarguments

  • Scale benefits can be competed away if rivals subsidize prices
  • Low-price positioning limits gross margin expansion even with scale

Physical Network Density

Supply

Strength: 5/5 · Durability: durable · Confidence: 4/5 · 2 evidence

Dense store footprint doubles as a last-mile fulfillment network (pickup and delivery) and lowers per-order delivery cost vs pure-play eCommerce in many zip codes.

Erosion risks

  • Shift of demand to pure-play eCommerce and delivery aggregators
  • Store traffic decline in recessionary periods
  • Local delivery competition improving (Instacart, DoorDash partnerships)

Leading indicators

  • Digital penetration of segment sales
  • Pickup and delivery order growth and unit economics
  • Same-store sales and store traffic

Counterarguments

  • Physical footprint can become a cost burden if traffic shifts online
  • Urban density advantage is weaker where Walmart has fewer stores

Habit Default

Demand

Strength: 4/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 3/5 · 2 evidence

EDLP plus improving digital convenience (and subscription programs like Walmart+) encourage repeat purchasing and make Walmart a default basket-fill destination for many households.

Erosion risks

  • Subscription fatigue and low switching costs in memberships
  • Price perception damage if gaps vs peers widen
  • Experience disadvantages vs specialty grocers in fresh and quality perception

Leading indicators

  • Walmart+ member count and renewal or engagement metrics
  • Share of wallet and basket size proxies (transaction count, items per basket)
  • Customer satisfaction and Net Promoter Score (if disclosed)

Counterarguments

  • Consumers can easily multi-home across retailers and cancel memberships
  • If rivals match pricing and improve convenience, Walmart may lose default status

Walmart International

International omnichannel retail and eCommerce platforms (outside the U.S.)

FY2025 segment totals per 10-K: Walmart International total revenues $123,363M; operating income $5,501M (corporate/support excluded from operating_profit_share).

Competitive

Physical Network Density

Supply

Strength: 4/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 4/5 · 2 evidence

Scale footprint across multiple countries provides local convenience and supports omnichannel pickup and delivery, though competitive intensity and regulatory regimes vary by market.

Erosion risks

  • Local champions with stronger national brand and supply chains
  • FX volatility and country-specific regulation
  • Geopolitical friction risks in cross-border supply

Leading indicators

  • Constant-currency sales growth by major markets
  • eCommerce penetration and profitability trend
  • Regulatory changes impacting operations or fintech platforms

Counterarguments

  • Scale is fragmented across countries; benefits are less transferable than in a single-country model
  • In some markets, Walmart may be a smaller player vs local leaders

Supply Chain Control

Supply

Strength: 3/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 4/5 · 2 evidence

Distribution and supplier relationships support availability and cost competitiveness, but advantages vary by region and can be matched by strong local competitors.

Erosion risks

  • Supply shocks (shipping disruptions, tariffs, commodity inflation)
  • Supplier concentration and bargaining dynamics
  • Competitive imitation of distribution automation

Leading indicators

  • In-stock rates and inventory turns by market
  • Gross margin trend in key countries
  • Logistics cost as a percent of sales (if disclosed)

Counterarguments

  • Local retailers can have similar or better supplier terms due to national dominance
  • Distribution advantages can be competed away with capex

Ecosystem Complements

Network

Strength: 3/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 3/5 · 1 evidence

In some markets, Walmart is building a multi-business ecosystem (marketplace, fulfillment, advertising, and financial services) that can reinforce engagement and monetization beyond retail margin.

Erosion risks

  • Regulatory constraints on fintech and payments in certain countries
  • Winner-take-most dynamics favoring entrenched digital platforms
  • Execution risk integrating multiple business models

Leading indicators

  • Growth and profitability of marketplace and fintech assets (if disclosed)
  • Advertising revenue growth and take-rate metrics (if disclosed)
  • Customer frequency and app engagement in key markets

Counterarguments

  • Ecosystem benefits may be concentrated in a few markets and not generalize
  • Best-of-breed digital platforms can outcompete on product depth and UX

Sam's Club U.S.

U.S. warehouse clubs (membership-based bulk retail, including fuel)

FY2025 segment totals per 10-K: Sam's Club U.S. total revenues $92,561M; operating income $2,404M (corporate/support excluded from operating_profit_share).

Oligopoly

Float Prepayment

Financial

Strength: 3/5 · Durability: durable · Confidence: 4/5 · 1 evidence

Upfront membership fees provide recurring, relatively stable high-margin income that supports low product markups and competitive pricing.

Erosion risks

  • Member churn if value proposition weakens
  • Competitive fee changes or macro-driven downgrades
  • Membership sharing and fraud reducing effective monetization

Leading indicators

  • Membership income growth rate
  • Renewal rate and tier mix (if disclosed)
  • Traffic and comparable sales excluding fuel

Counterarguments

  • Membership is not exclusive; consumers can switch between clubs easily
  • Fee increases risk churn in price-sensitive cohorts

Scale Economies Unit Cost

Supply

Strength: 4/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 3/5 · 1 evidence

Large sales volume supports bulk purchasing and distribution efficiency, though Costco's scale and model simplicity remain formidable.

Erosion risks

  • Costco maintains cost advantage via simplified SKU strategy
  • Fuel volatility affecting traffic and reported economics
  • Rising shrink and labor costs

Leading indicators

  • Membership and merchandise gross margin trend
  • Inventory turnover and shrink metrics (if disclosed)
  • Comparable sales growth excluding fuel

Counterarguments

  • Costco's renewal rates and global scale can translate to better buying terms
  • Warehouse club differentiation can be narrow (price, gas, limited assortment)

Evidence

sec_filing
Walmart Inc. Form 10-K (FY ended Jan 31, 2025) - EDLP/EDLC

EDLC is our commitment to control expenses so our cost savings can be passed along to our customers.

Direct statement of a cost-leadership strategy that relies on scale efficiencies to maintain low prices.

sec_filing
Walmart Inc. Form 10-K (FY ended Jan 31, 2025) - Distribution network

Walmart U.S. operates 164 distribution facilities. We also operate 29 dedicated eCommerce fulfillment centers.

Large logistics footprint supports lower unit logistics costs and reliable in-stock levels at scale.

sec_filing
Walmart Inc. Form 10-K (FY ended Jan 31, 2025) - Walmart U.S. footprint

Operates 4,605 stores.

Scale and density of physical nodes are a structural advantage for convenience and omnichannel fulfillment.

sec_filing
Walmart Inc. Form 10-K (FY ended Jan 31, 2025) - Omnichannel initiatives

The Walmart U.S. segment includes the Company's mass merchandising concept in the U.S., as well as eCommerce, which includes omnichannel initiatives.

Shows management explicitly treats eCommerce and omnichannel as integrated into the segment economics.

sec_filing
Walmart Inc. Form 10-Q (Quarter ended Oct 31, 2025) - Walmart+ membership fee income

Primarily due to double-digit growth in Walmart+ members and higher member engagement.

Evidence that subscription-based engagement is growing, supporting repeat usage and retention dynamics.

Showing 5 of 15 sources.

Risks & Indicators

Erosion risks

  • E-commerce price transparency compresses margins
  • Labor and transportation cost inflation
  • Rivals matching logistics and automation investment (especially AMZN)
  • Shift of demand to pure-play eCommerce and delivery aggregators
  • Store traffic decline in recessionary periods
  • Local delivery competition improving (Instacart, DoorDash partnerships)

Leading indicators

  • Gross margin and SG&A rate trend
  • Supply chain cost per unit shipped
  • Inventory turns and in-stock rates
  • Digital penetration of segment sales
  • Pickup and delivery order growth and unit economics
  • Same-store sales and store traffic
Created 2025-12-30
Updated 2025-12-30

Curation & Accuracy

This directory blends AI‑assisted discovery with human curation. Entries are reviewed, edited, and organized with the goal of expanding coverage and sharpening quality over time. Your feedback helps steer improvements (because no single human can capture everything all at once).

Details change. Pricing, features, and availability may be incomplete or out of date. Treat listings as a starting point and verify on the provider’s site before making decisions. If you spot an error or a gap, send a quick note and I’ll adjust.