VOL. XCIV, NO. 247

★ MOAT STOCKS & COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES ★

PRICE: 5 CENTS

Thursday, December 25, 2025

Caterpillar Inc.

CAT · New York Stock Exchange

active
Market cap (USD)
SectorIndustrials
CountryUS
Data as of
Moat score
68/ 100

Weighted average of segment moat scores, combining moat strength, durability, confidence, market structure, pricing power, and market share.

Request update

Spot something outdated? Send a quick note and source so we can refresh this profile.

Overview

Caterpillar Inc. is a global OEM of construction and mining equipment, power systems (engines, turbines, locomotives) and a captive finance arm (Cat Financial). The core moat in the equipment businesses is the combination of a large installed base and a global independent dealer/service network, which drives parts availability, field service and distribution reach. This supports recurring aftermarket revenue and helps sustain pricing in uptime-critical applications, but end markets are cyclical and competition (including lower-cost OEMs) is intense. The Financial Products segment reinforces distribution by bundling financing with equipment sales, though pricing power is limited by competition and credit-cycle risk.

Primary segment

Energy & Transportation

Market structure

Oligopoly

Market share

HHI:

Coverage

5 segments · 7 tags

Updated 2025-12-25

Segments

Construction Industries

Construction equipment and aftermarket services

Revenue

35.9%

Structure

Oligopoly

Pricing

moderate

Share

Peers

DE6301.TVOLV-B.STCNH+1

Resource Industries

Mining equipment and aftermarket services

Revenue

17.5%

Structure

Oligopoly

Pricing

moderate

Share

Peers

6301.TSAND.STEPI-A.STWEIR.L+2

Energy & Transportation

Off-highway engines, power generation, turbines, locomotives and related services

Revenue

40.7%

Structure

Oligopoly

Pricing

moderate

Share

Peers

CMIRR.LWRT1V.HEWAB+2

Financial Products

Captive equipment finance and insurance for heavy equipment

Revenue

5.3%

Structure

Competitive

Pricing

weak

Share

Peers

DECNHALLYJPM+1

All Other

Other industrial services, digital solutions, and activities outside primary segments

Revenue

0.6%

Structure

Competitive

Pricing

weak

Share

Peers

FTVTTDHRTRI

Moat Claims

Construction Industries

Construction equipment and aftermarket services

2024 segment sales $25.455B and segment profit $6.165B per Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation (Financial Results Summary table). revenue_share and operating_profit_share are normalized pro-rata to consolidated totals because reported segment sales/profit include corporate items/eliminations and inter-segment activity.

Oligopoly

Distribution Control

Supply

Strength: 5/5 · Durability: durable · Confidence: 4/5 · 1 evidence

Independent dealer network provides local selling capacity, financing touchpoints, and service delivery; difficult to replicate at global scale.

Erosion risks

  • Dealer consolidation reduces local intensity
  • Competitors expand owned/independent distribution
  • Direct-to-customer digital channels bypass dealers

Leading indicators

  • Dealer inventory levels
  • Retail sales vs dealer sales divergence
  • Aftermarket attachment rate (parts/service per machine)

Counterarguments

  • Large rental fleets can multi-source and pressure pricing
  • Comparable dealer coverage exists in many regions (e.g., Komatsu/Volvo)

Installed Base Consumables

Demand

Strength: 4/5 · Durability: durable · Confidence: 4/5 · 1 evidence

Large installed base drives recurring parts/service demand and supports high-margin aftermarket over long equipment life cycles.

Erosion risks

  • Third-party/grey-market parts substitution
  • Longer replacement cycles reduce new-equipment refresh
  • Right-to-repair rules or enforcement shifts

Leading indicators

  • Parts and service revenue growth vs equipment sales
  • Price/cost mix (price realization)
  • Warranty claim rates and uptime metrics

Counterarguments

  • Parts can be commoditized for older platforms
  • Customers with in-house maintenance reduce dealer capture

Brand Trust

Demand

Strength: 4/5 · Durability: durable · Confidence: 3/5 · 1 evidence

CAT brand and reputation for durability/uptime supports premium pricing and resale value, especially in heavy-duty applications.

Erosion risks

  • Sustained quality issues or recalls
  • Lower-priced competitors improve reliability
  • Used-equipment oversupply pressures resale values

Leading indicators

  • Warranty/quality KPIs
  • Average selling price vs peers
  • Residual values in used equipment markets

Counterarguments

  • Procurement may be driven by TCO and delivery lead times more than brand
  • Lower-priced OEMs can win in cost-sensitive markets

Resource Industries

Mining equipment and aftermarket services

2024 segment sales $12.389B and segment profit $2.533B per Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation (Financial Results Summary table). Shares normalized pro-rata to consolidated totals.

Oligopoly

Service Field Network

Supply

Strength: 4/5 · Durability: durable · Confidence: 3/5 · 1 evidence

Mining customers value rapid parts availability and field service in remote locations; dealer/service footprint and logistics capability are a barrier.

Erosion risks

  • Large miners insource maintenance and rebuilds
  • Competitors build equivalent regional service hubs
  • Remote diagnostics reduces on-site service advantage

Leading indicators

  • Aftermarket growth in Resource Industries
  • Dealer service response time / uptime SLAs
  • Autonomy/digital attach rates in mining fleets

Counterarguments

  • Large miners can self-maintain and negotiate parts pricing
  • Specialists can match service quality in key basins

Capex Knowhow Scale

Supply

Strength: 3/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 3/5 · 1 evidence

Engineering large-scale mining equipment and related technology requires sustained R&D and field learning across diverse sites.

Erosion risks

  • Technology leap by competitors (autonomy/electrification)
  • Downcycles reduce customers' willingness to pay for premium tech
  • OEM-agnostic autonomy platforms reduce equipment differentiation

Leading indicators

  • R&D intensity vs peers
  • Autonomous haulage deployments / fleet expansion
  • Battery-electric mining equipment penetration

Counterarguments

  • Specialists can out-innovate in niches (drills, crushers, underground)
  • Open autonomy ecosystems reduce OEM differentiation

Energy & Transportation

Off-highway engines, power generation, turbines, locomotives and related services

2024 segment sales $28.854B and segment profit $5.736B per Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation (Financial Results Summary table). Shares normalized pro-rata to consolidated totals.

Oligopoly

Design In Qualification

Demand

Strength: 3/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 3/5 · 1 evidence

Engines and power systems are qualified into customer/OEM platforms with long life cycles; switching can require redesign, recertification, and new service tooling.

Erosion risks

  • Electrification and alternative powertrains reduce engine demand
  • Customers standardize on fewer engine platforms globally
  • Regulatory changes increase compliance costs

Leading indicators

  • Order mix by application (oil & gas, power generation, industrial)
  • Emissions standard timelines and certification cadence
  • Services/parts mix vs new equipment

Counterarguments

  • Engines can be spec-driven and price-competitive
  • Customers can dual-source engines across platforms

Installed Base Consumables

Demand

Strength: 4/5 · Durability: durable · Confidence: 3/5 · 1 evidence

Large base of engines/turbines/locomotives creates recurring aftermarket parts and service demand; uptime-critical applications favor OEM support.

Erosion risks

  • Independent service providers capture maintenance
  • Extended maintenance intervals reduce parts pull-through
  • Customer insourcing of service

Leading indicators

  • Service revenue growth vs engine sales
  • Parts price realization
  • Digital monitoring adoption (connected assets)

Counterarguments

  • Third-party MRO can undercut OEM service rates
  • Some customers prefer open parts sourcing to reduce vendor dependence

Financial Products

Captive equipment finance and insurance for heavy equipment

2024 Financial Products revenues $3.446B and net segment profit (after corporate items) $0.605B per Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation (Financial Results Summary table). operating_profit_share allocated pro-rata to match consolidated operating profit after consolidating adjustments.

Competitive

Suite Bundling

Demand

Strength: 3/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 3/5 · 1 evidence

Captive finance supports equipment sales and dealer inventories; integrated financing reduces friction for customers and dealers at point of sale.

Erosion risks

  • Banks/lessors match terms and win on price
  • Tighter credit conditions reduce captive advantage
  • Regulatory changes raise compliance costs

Leading indicators

  • Penetration of captive finance in equipment sales
  • Delinquencies / past dues and credit losses
  • Dealer inventory financing volumes

Counterarguments

  • Financing is a commodity; customers can shop rates
  • Captive may be constrained by risk limits during downturns

Underwriting Risk Pooling

Financial

Strength: 3/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 2/5 · 1 evidence

Collateral expertise in used equipment values and a diversified portfolio can improve underwriting and recovery outcomes vs generalist lenders.

Erosion risks

  • Severe downturn increases losses and reduces residual values
  • Competitors improve data-driven underwriting
  • Concentration in certain end markets (e.g., construction)

Leading indicators

  • Past dues (%) trend
  • Net write-offs
  • Residual value indices for used equipment

Counterarguments

  • Generalist banks can diversify risk across industries
  • Asset-backed securitization markets can equalize funding costs

All Other

Other industrial services, digital solutions, and activities outside primary segments

All Other segment is small ($0.425B sales; $0.048B profit in 2024) per Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation (Financial Results Summary table).

Competitive

Ecosystem Complements

Network

Strength: 3/5 · Durability: medium · Confidence: 2/5 · 1 evidence

Digital and service offerings can piggyback on the Cat installed base and dealer relationships, increasing switching costs and customer lifetime value.

Erosion risks

  • Customers adopt OEM-agnostic software tools
  • Open telematics standards commoditize data access
  • Dealer adoption varies by region

Leading indicators

  • Connected asset count / utilization of digital platforms
  • Services revenue trajectory vs targets
  • Software attach and renewal rates

Counterarguments

  • Point solutions can outperform bundled offerings
  • Customers may resist proprietary ecosystems

Evidence

investor_day
Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation

global dealer network

Company positions the dealer network as the backbone for product + service delivery.

investor_day
Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation

4M+ Cat Products

Installed base scale underpins services/aftermarket opportunity.

investor_day
Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation

leading manufacturer

Management frames Caterpillar as a category leader across multiple heavy-equipment and engine categories.

investor_day
Caterpillar 2024 Investor Presentation

Caterpillar emphasizes products and services backed by its global dealer network and installed base.

sec_filing
Caterpillar 4Q & Full-Year 2024 Results (Ex. 99.1)

Research and development expenses

Shows multi-billion annual R&D scale supporting complex product lines.

Showing 5 of 8 sources.

Risks & Indicators

Erosion risks

  • Dealer consolidation reduces local intensity
  • Competitors expand owned/independent distribution
  • Direct-to-customer digital channels bypass dealers
  • Third-party/grey-market parts substitution
  • Longer replacement cycles reduce new-equipment refresh
  • Right-to-repair rules or enforcement shifts

Leading indicators

  • Dealer inventory levels
  • Retail sales vs dealer sales divergence
  • Aftermarket attachment rate (parts/service per machine)
  • Parts and service revenue growth vs equipment sales
  • Price/cost mix (price realization)
  • Warranty claim rates and uptime metrics
Created 2025-12-25
Updated 2025-12-25

Curation & Accuracy

This directory blends AI‑assisted discovery with human curation. Entries are reviewed, edited, and organized with the goal of expanding coverage and sharpening quality over time. Your feedback helps steer improvements (because no single human can capture everything all at once).

Details change. Pricing, features, and availability may be incomplete or out of date. Treat listings as a starting point and verify on the provider’s site before making decisions. If you spot an error or a gap, send a quick note and I’ll adjust.